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TED Talks, Gever Tulley 5 dangerous things you should let your kids do

Gever Tulley 5 dangerous things you should let your kids do

Welcome to "Five Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do. "I don't have children. I borrow my friends' children, so (Laughter) take all this advice with a grain of salt. I'm Gever Tulley. I'm a contract computer scientist by trade, but I'm the founder of something called the Tinkering School. It's a summer program which aims to help kids to learn how to build the things that they think of. So we build a lot of things. And I do put power tools into the hands of second-graders. So if you're thinking about sending your kid to Tinkering School, they do come back bruised, scraped and bloody. So, you know, we live in a world that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations.There doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy child safety regulations can get. We put suffocation warnings on all the -- on every piece of plastic film manufactured in the United States or for sale with an item in the United States. We put warnings on coffee cups to tell us that the contents may be hot. And we seem to think that any item sharper than a golf ball is too sharp for children under the age of 10.

So where does this trend stop? When we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object, every pokey bit in the world, then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharper not made out of round plastic, they'll hurt themselves with it. So, as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone grow ever smaller, we cut off our children from valuable opportunities to learn how to interact with the world around them. And despite all of our best efforts and intentions, kids are always going to figure out how to do the most dangerous thing they can, in whatever environment they can. So despite the provocative title, this presentation is really about safety and about some simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative, confident and in control of the environment around them. And what I now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress. The book is called "50 Dangerous Things. "This is five dangerous things. Thing number one -- play with fire. Learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history. Whether we remember it or not, it's a -- it's the first time we really get control of one of these mysterious things.These mysteries are only revealed to those who get the opportunity to play with it. So, playing with fire. This is like one of the great things we ever discovered, fire. From playing with it, they learn some basic principles about fire, about intake, about combustion, about exhaust.These are the three working elements of fire that you have to have to have a good controlled fire. And you can think of the open-pit fire as a laboratory. You don't know what they're going to learn from playing with it. You know, let them fool around with it on their own terms and trust me, they're going to learn things that you can't get out of playing with Dora the Explorer toys. Number two -- own a pocketknife. Pocketknives are kind of drifting out of our cultural consciousness, which I think is a terrible thing. (Laughter) Your first -- your first pocketknife is like the first universal tool that you're given. You know, it's a spatula, it's a pry bar, it's a screwdriver and it's a blade. And it's a -- it's a powerful and empowering tool. And in a lot of cultures they give knives --like, as soon as they're toddlers they have knives.These are Inuit children cutting whale blubber. I first saw this in a Canadian Film Board film when I was 10, and it left a lasting impression, to see babies playing with knives. And it shows that kids can develop an extended sense of self through a tool at a very young age. You lay down a couple of very simple rules --always cut away from your body, keep the blade sharp, never force it -- and these are things kids can understand and practice with. And yeah, they're going to cut themselves. I have some terrible scars on my legs from where I stabbed myself. But you know, they're young. They heal fast. (Laughter)

Number three -- throw a spear. It turns out that our brains are actually wired for throwing things and, like muscles, if you don't use parts of your brain, they tend to atrophy over time. But when you exercise them, any given muscle adds strength to the whole system and that applies to your brain too. So practicing throwing things has been shown to stimulate the frontal and parietal lobes, which have to do with visual acuity, 3D understanding, and structural problem solving, so it gives a sense -- it helps develop their visualization skills and their predictive ability. And throwing is a combination of analytical and physical skill, so it's very good for that kind of whole-body training. These kinds of target-based practice also helps kids develop attention and concentration skills. So those are great.

Number four -- deconstruct appliances. There is a world of interesting things inside your dishwasher. Next time you're about to throw out an appliance, don't throw it out. Take it apart with your kid, or send him to my school and we'll take it apart with them. Even if you don't know what the parts are,puzzling out what they might be for is a really good practice for the kids to get sort of the sense that they can take things apart, and no matter how complex they are, they can understand parts of them and that means that eventually, they can understand all of them. It's a sense of know ability, that something is knowable. So these black boxes that we live with and take for granted are actually complex things made by other people and you can understand them.

For those of you who aren't comfortable actually breaking the law, you can drive a car with your child. This is -- this is a great stage for a kid. This happens about the same time that they get latched onto things like dinosaurs, these big things in the outside world that they're trying to get a grip on. A car is a similar object, and they can get in a car and drive it.And that's a really, like -- it gives them a handle on a world in a way that they wouldn't -- that they don't often have access to. So -- and it's perfectly legal. Find a big empty lot, make sure there's nothing in it and it's on private property, and let them drive your car. It's very safe actually. And it's fun for the whole family. (Laughter) So, let's see.I think that's it. That's number five and a half. OK.

Gever Tulley 5 dangerous things you should let your kids do Gever Tulley 5 gefährliche Dinge, die Sie Ihre Kinder tun lassen sollten Gever Tulley 子供にさせるべき5つの危険なこと Gever Tulley 5 coisas perigosas que deve deixar os seus filhos fazer Гевер Талли 5 опасных вещей, которые вы должны позволять делать своим детям Gever Tulley 您应该让孩子做的 5 件危险的事

Welcome to "Five Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do. Bem-vindo ao "Cinco coisas perigosas que você deve deixar seus filhos fazerem". "I don't have children. I borrow my friends' children, so (Laughter) take all this advice with a grain of salt. Eu empresto os filhos dos meus amigos, então (Risos) tomem todos esses conselhos com um grão de sal. I'm Gever Tulley. I'm a contract computer scientist by trade, but I'm the founder of something called the Tinkering School. Sou um cientista da computação contratado por profissão, mas sou o fundador de algo chamado Tinkering School. It's a summer program which aims to help kids to learn how to build the things that they think of. So we build a lot of things. And I do put power tools into the hands of second-graders. E eu coloco ferramentas elétricas nas mãos de alunos da segunda série. So if you're thinking about sending your kid to Tinkering School, they do come back bruised, scraped and bloody. Então, se você está pensando em mandar seu filho para a Tinkering School, ele volta machucado, arranhado e ensanguentado. So, you know, we live in a world that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations.There doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy child safety regulations can get. Então, você sabe, vivemos em um mundo que está sujeito a normas de segurança infantil cada vez mais rigorosas. Não parece haver nenhum limite quanto à regulamentação louca de segurança infantil. We put suffocation warnings on all the -- on every piece of plastic film manufactured in the United States or for sale with an item in the United States. Colocamos avisos de asfixia em todos os filmes plásticos fabricados nos Estados Unidos ou à venda com um item nos Estados Unidos. We put warnings on coffee cups to tell us that the contents may be hot. Colocamos avisos em xícaras de café para nos dizer que o conteúdo pode estar quente. And we seem to think that any item sharper than a golf ball is too sharp for children under the age of 10. E parecemos pensar que qualquer item mais afiado que uma bola de golfe é muito afiado para crianças menores de 10 anos.

So where does this trend stop? Então, onde essa tendência para? When we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object, every pokey bit in the world, then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharper not made out of round plastic, they'll hurt themselves with it. So, as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone grow ever smaller, we cut off our children from valuable opportunities to learn how to interact with the world around them. Assim, à medida que os limites do que determinamos à medida que a zona de segurança se torna cada vez menor, cortamos nossos filhos de oportunidades valiosas para aprender a interagir com o mundo ao seu redor. And despite all of our best efforts and intentions, kids are always going to figure out how to do the most dangerous thing they can, in whatever environment they can. E apesar de todos os nossos melhores esforços e intenções, as crianças sempre descobrirão como fazer a coisa mais perigosa que puderem, em qualquer ambiente que possam. So despite the provocative title, this presentation is really about safety and about some simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative, confident and in control of the environment around them. Portanto, apesar do título provocativo, esta apresentação é realmente sobre segurança e sobre algumas coisas simples que podemos fazer para educar nossos filhos a serem criativos, confiantes e no controle do ambiente ao seu redor. And what I now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress. E o que agora apresento a você é um trecho de um livro em andamento. The book is called "50 Dangerous Things. O livro chama-se "50 coisas perigosas". "This is five dangerous things. Thing number one -- play with fire. Learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history. Aprender a controlar uma das forças mais elementares da natureza é um momento crucial na história pessoal de qualquer criança. Whether we remember it or not, it's a -- it's the first time we really get control of one of these mysterious things.These mysteries are only revealed to those who get the opportunity to play with it. Independentemente de lembrarmos ou não, é uma - é a primeira vez que realmente controlamos uma dessas coisas misteriosas. Esses mistérios são revelados apenas para aqueles que têm a oportunidade de brincar com ela. So, playing with fire. This is like one of the great things we ever discovered, fire. É como uma das grandes coisas que descobrimos, o fogo. From playing with it, they learn some basic principles about fire, about intake, about combustion, about exhaust.These are the three working elements of fire that you have to have to have a good controlled fire. Brincando com ele, eles aprendem alguns princípios básicos sobre o fogo, a ingestão, a combustão e o escape. Esses são os três elementos do fogo que você precisa para ter um bom controle de fogo. And you can think of the open-pit fire as a laboratory. E você pode pensar no fogo a céu aberto como um laboratório. You don't know what they're going to learn from playing with it. You know, let them fool around with it on their own terms and trust me, they're going to learn things that you can't get out of playing with Dora the Explorer toys. ||||experiment with||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Você sabe, deixe-os brincar com eles nos seus próprios termos e confie em mim, eles vão aprender coisas que você não pode deixar de brincar com os brinquedos de Dora the Explorer. Number two -- own a pocketknife. Pocketknives are kind of drifting out of our cultural consciousness, which I think is a terrible thing. Os canivetes estão saindo da nossa consciência cultural, o que eu acho uma coisa terrível. (Laughter) Your first -- your first pocketknife is like the first universal tool that you're given. |||||multi-purpose tool||||||||| You know, it's a spatula, it's a pry bar, it's a screwdriver and it's a blade. Você sabe, é uma espátula, é uma barra de alavanca, é uma chave de fenda e é uma lâmina. And it's a -- it's a powerful and empowering tool. E é uma - é uma ferramenta poderosa e capacitadora. And in a lot of cultures they give knives --like, as soon as they're toddlers they have knives.These are Inuit children cutting whale blubber. E em muitas culturas eles dão facas - assim que são crianças, e têm facas. Essas são crianças inuítes que cortam gordura de baleia. I first saw this in a Canadian Film Board film when I was 10, and it left a lasting impression, to see babies playing with knives. Vi isso pela primeira vez em um filme do Canadian Film Board aos 10 anos, e isso deixou uma impressão duradoura ao ver bebês brincando com facas. And it shows that kids can develop an extended sense of self through a tool at a very young age. E mostra que as crianças podem desenvolver um senso estendido de si mesmo por meio de uma ferramenta desde muito jovens. You lay down a couple of very simple rules --always cut away from your body, keep the blade sharp, never force it -- and these are things kids can understand and practice with. Você estabelece algumas regras muito simples - sempre se afaste do seu corpo, mantenha a lâmina afiada, nunca a force - e essas são coisas com as quais as crianças podem entender e praticar. And yeah, they're going to cut themselves. E sim, eles vão se cortar. I have some terrible scars on my legs from where I stabbed myself. |||||||||||inflicted self-harm| Tenho algumas cicatrizes terríveis nas pernas, de onde me esfaqueei. But you know, they're young. Mas você sabe, eles são jovens. They heal fast. Eles curam rápido. (Laughter)

Number three -- throw a spear. Número três - jogue uma lança. It turns out that our brains are actually wired for throwing things and, like muscles, if you don't use parts of your brain, they tend to atrophy over time. Acontece que nossos cérebros estão realmente conectados para jogar coisas e, como músculos, se você não usa partes do cérebro, eles tendem a se atrofiar ao longo do tempo. But when you exercise them, any given muscle adds strength to the whole system and that applies to your brain too. Mas quando você os exercita, qualquer músculo acrescenta força a todo o sistema e isso se aplica também ao seu cérebro. So practicing throwing things has been shown to stimulate the frontal and parietal lobes, which have to do with visual acuity, 3D understanding, and structural problem solving, so it gives a sense -- it helps develop their visualization skills and their predictive ability. ||hurling objects||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Demonstrou-se que praticar o arremesso de objetos estimula os lobos frontal e parietal, que têm a ver com acuidade visual, compreensão 3D e resolução de problemas estruturais, por isso faz sentido - ajuda a desenvolver suas habilidades de visualização e capacidade preditiva. And throwing is a combination of analytical and physical skill, so it's very good for that kind of whole-body training. E jogar é uma combinação de habilidade analítica e física, por isso é muito bom para esse tipo de treinamento de corpo inteiro. These kinds of target-based practice also helps kids develop attention and concentration skills. Esses tipos de práticas baseadas em objetivos também ajudam as crianças a desenvolver habilidades de atenção e concentração. So those are great. Então, esses são ótimos.

Number four -- deconstruct appliances. |||household devices Número quatro - desconstrua os aparelhos. There is a world of interesting things inside your dishwasher. Há um mundo de coisas interessantes dentro da sua máquina de lavar louça. Next time you're about to throw out an appliance, don't throw it out. Da próxima vez que estiver jogando fora um aparelho, não o jogue fora. Take it apart with your kid, or send him to my school and we'll take it apart with them. Desmonte-o com o seu filho ou envie-o para a minha escola e nós o desmontaremos com eles. Even if you don't know what the parts are,puzzling out what they might be for is a really good practice for the kids to get sort of the sense that they can take things apart, and no matter how complex they are, they can understand parts of them and that means that eventually, they can understand all of them. Mesmo que você não saiba quais são as partes, descobrir o que elas servem é uma prática realmente boa para as crianças terem a sensação de que podem desmontar as coisas e, por mais complexas que sejam, elas podem entender partes deles e isso significa que, eventualmente, eles podem entender todos eles. It's a sense of know ability, that something is knowable. |||||||||able to understand So these black boxes that we live with and take for granted are actually complex things made by other people and you can understand them.

Number five -- two-parter. Break the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. (Laughter) There are laws beyond safety regulations that attempt to limit how we can interact with the things that we own -- in this case, digital media. It's a very simple exercise -- buy a song on ITunes, write it to a CD, then rip the CD to an MP3 and play it on your very same computer. É um exercício muito simples - compre uma música no iTunes, grave-a em um CD, depois copie o CD em um MP3 e toque-o no mesmo computador. You've just broken a law. Technically the RIAA can come and persecute you.It's an important lesson for kids to understand -- that some of these laws get broken by accident and that laws have to be interpreted.And it's something we often talk about with the kids when we're fooling around with things and breaking them open and taking them apart and using them for other things --and also when we go out and drive a car. Tecnicamente, a RIAA pode vir e persegui-lo. É uma lição importante para as crianças entenderem - que algumas dessas leis são violadas por acidente e que essas leis precisam ser interpretadas. brincando com as coisas e quebrando-as, desmembrando-as e usando-as para outras coisas - e também quando saímos e dirigimos um carro. Driving a car is a -- is a really empowering act for a young child, so this is the ultimate. Dirigir um carro é um - é um ato realmente empoderador para uma criança pequena, então esse é o melhor. (Laughter)

For those of you who aren't comfortable actually breaking the law, you can drive a car with your child. Para aqueles que não se sentem confortáveis em infringir a lei, podem dirigir um carro com seu filho. This is -- this is a great stage for a kid. Este é - este é um ótimo palco para uma criança. This happens about the same time that they get latched onto things like dinosaurs, these big things in the outside world that they're trying to get a grip on. Isso acontece na mesma época em que eles se prendem a coisas como dinossauros, essas coisas importantes no mundo exterior nas quais estão tentando se controlar. A car is a similar object, and they can get in a car and drive it.And that's a really, like -- it gives them a handle on a world in a way that they wouldn't -- that they don't often have access to. So -- and it's perfectly legal. Find a big empty lot, make sure there's nothing in it and it's on private property, and let them drive your car. It's very safe actually. And it's fun for the whole family. (Laughter) So, let's see.I think that's it. (Risos) Então, vamos ver. Acho que é isso. That's number five and a half. Esse é o número cinco e meio. OK.