Richard Scheller Developing Products that Save Lives No.1
|리처드 쉘러||||||
Richard Scheller|Richard Scheller||||||
Richard Scheller Entwicklung von Produkten, die Leben retten Nr.1
Richard Scheller Desarrollando productos que salvan vidas nº 1
Richard Scheller Développer des produits qui sauvent des vies No.1
Richard Scheller Sviluppare prodotti che salvano vite umane n. 1
リチャード・シェラー 命を救う製品を開発する No.1
생명을 구하는 제품을 개발하는 리차드 셸러 1위
Richardas Schelleris Produktų, gelbstinčių gyvybes, kūrimas Nr. 1
Richard Scheller Desenvolver produtos que salvam vidas N.º 1
Ричард Шеллер Разработка продуктов, спасающих жизни № 1
Richard Scheller Hayat Kurtaran Ürünler Geliştirmek No.1
Річард Шеллер Розробка продуктів, що рятують життя №1
理查德·谢勒 (Richard Scheller) 开发拯救生命的产品第一名
理查德-谢勒开发拯救生命的产品 No.1
It is my very special privilege to welcome our guest today.
|||||특권|||||
Bu|||||ayrıcalık||||misafirimiz|bugün
Richard Scheller is the head of R&D at Genentech.
|||||||||제넨텍
|Scheller||||||||Genentech
Richard|Scheller||||||||Genentech'te
|||||||||ジェネンテック
But I have known him for a very long time although he doesn't actually remember it.
||||||||||Ancak|||||
He started at Stanford as a faculty member in 1982 and in the Neuroscience Department and then Biology, and that was the year that I was a first year PhD student over there.
||||||öğretim üyesi||||||Sinirbilim Bölümü|Bölüm|||Biyoloji Bölümü||||||||||||doktora öğrencisi|||
|||스탠퍼드에서|||교수진으로 시작했다|||||||||||||||||||||||||
So, I took classes from him.
Поэтому я брал у него уроки.
And it's absolutely amazing to see the trajectory of his career.
|||||||경력 궤적|||
||kesinlikle|ve kariyerinin gidişatını görmek gerçekten harika|||ve|kariyer yolu|||kariyerinin gidişatı
|||||||軌跡|||
He spent 19 years at Stanford and then went to Genentech.
|||||||||Genentech'e gitti.
He's been there ten years and he's got some incredible insights about the difference between research and academia and in the industry and we're going to dive right in.
|||||||||||||||||학계|||||||||||
|||||||||inanılmaz|öngörüler|||||||akademik dünya||||sektörde|||||||
||||||||||spostrzeżenia||||||||||||||||||
Он проработал там десять лет, и у него есть потрясающие знания о разнице между исследованиями в академических кругах и в индустрии, и мы собираемся погрузиться в эту тему.
So, welcome.
Thank you very much for joining us.
Thank you.
Pleasure to be here.
And maybe you could tell us a little bit about your story and about moving from academia, about what would motivate you.
|||||||||||||hakkında|||akademik dünya|||||
Tell us a little bit about how that happened.
OK.
I'm going to stand up if that's OK.
Voy a levantarme si te parece bien.
Я встану, если можно.
Thanks for having me.
Спасибо, что пригласили меня.
I was a professor here for 19 years.
||||burada||
I was a successful, member of the National Academy.
||||||||Akademi
||||||||アカデミー
I was a Hughes investigator so I had plenty of money.
|||휴즈|휴즈 연구원||||||
|||Hughes araştırmacısı|Hughes araştırmacısıydım||||bol miktarda||
|||ヒューズ|||||||
||||badacz Hughesa||||||
Yo era investigador de Hughes, así que tenía mucho dinero.
私はヒューズの研究者だったので、お金はたくさんありました。
Я работал следователем Хьюза, поэтому у меня было много денег.
Things were going well.
物事は順調でした。
But the research that I was doing had gone through a phase where the knowledge had just exploded over the last decade and the rate of learning started to sort of plateau a little bit.
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||정체되다|||
|||||||||||aşama||||||patlama yaşadı||||son on yıl|||hız|||||||durağanlaşmak|||
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||高止まり|||
しかし、私が行っていた研究は、過去10年間で知識が爆発的に増加した段階を経ており、学習の速度が少し平坦になり始めました。
Но исследования, которыми я занимался, прошли через этап, когда знания просто взорвались за последнее десятилетие, а темпы обучения начали понемногу снижаться.
So I just took stock in where I was headed with the rest of my career and thought that I had to do one of a couple of things.
||||durum değerlendirmesi|hakkında||||gideceğim yer|||||||||||||||||||
|||考えた|||||||||||||||||||||||いくつかの||
Así que hice balance de hacia dónde me dirigía con el resto de mi carrera y pensé que tenía que hacer una de un par de cosas.
そこで、私は自分のキャリアの残りの部分でどこに向かっているのかを考え、いくつかの選択肢の中から何かをしなければならないと思いました。
Поэтому я просто оценил, куда мне двигаться дальше в своей карьере, и решил, что должен сделать одно из двух.
Bu yüzden kariyerimin geri kalanında nereye doğru gittiğimi değerlendirdim ve birkaç şeyden birini yapmam gerektiğini düşündüm.
Find some new technology to increase that rate of learning again or switch my field to a little bit something different where I felt was sort of prime for that tremendous gain of knowledge again or maybe just do something different.
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||엄청난|증가|||||||||
|||yeni teknoloji|||||||||alan değiştirmek|||||||||||||||en uygun|||muazzam|kazanım|||||||||
|||||||速度|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
新しい技術を見つけて学習の速度を再び増加させるか、別の分野に切り替えて、その驚異的な知識の獲得に対して最適な状態にあると感じた何かに取り組むか、あるいはただ違うことをするかもしれません。
Найти какую-то новую технологию, чтобы снова увеличить скорость обучения, или сменить сферу деятельности на что-то другое, где, как мне казалось, можно было бы получить колоссальный прирост знаний, или просто заняться чем-то другим.
Bu öğrenme hızını tekrar arttırmak için yeni bir teknoloji bulmak ya da alanımı biraz farklı bir şeye çevirmek, bu muazzam bilgi kazanımına tekrar başlamak ya da belki sadece farklı bir şey yapmak.
So my wife, who's on faculty here, and I thought, "Should we move to Boston?"
|||||öğretim üyesi|||||||||
Burada öğretim görevlisi olan eşimle birlikte "Boston'a mı taşınsak?" diye düşündük.
I get to go to Boston and have a bunch of nice colleagues there and then have labs there.
||||||||||||meslektaşlar|||||laboratuvar çalışmaları|
Я могу поехать в Бостон и иметь там кучу приятных коллег, а затем проводить там лабораторные исследования.
But it really wouldn't be very different than here, given that we didn't have any problems here.
|||||||||考慮すると|||||||
We loved it here.
So I thought if I was going to do something different and move somewhere, since being a professor here is terrific, that I should really move somewhere where it would be quite different.
||||||||||||||||||||훌륭한||||||||||||
||||||||||||||||||||harika||||||||||||
||||||||||||||||||||素晴らしい||||||||||||
So I thought then what would that be?
It seemed to me then that we have done and when I say "we" in this case, I mean, the life science endeavor, not my lab.
|||||||||||||||||||"bu"||yaşam bilimi|çaba|||
|보였다||||||||||||||||||||||||
||||||||||||||||||||||przedsięwzięcie naukowe|||
Мне тогда казалось, что мы закончили, и когда я говорю «мы» в данном случае, я имею в виду деятельность в области наук о жизни, а не мою лабораторию.
So everything funded by NIH for years and years.
||||국립 보건원||||
||finanse edilen||Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüsü||||
Так что все финансируется NIH в течение многих лет.
That sort of done what we've promised the society that we would do, which is learn enough about the way cells work and the way tissues work and enough about molecular biology.
|||||||||||||||||||||||||조직|||||분자 생물학|
||||||||||||||||||||hücreler|||||dokuların işleyişi|||||moleküler biyoloji hakkında|moleküler biyoloji
Мы сделали то, что обещали обществу, а именно: узнали достаточно о том, как работают клетки, как работают ткани, и достаточно о молекулярной биологии.
這完成了我們向社會承諾的事情，即充分了解細胞的工作方式和組織的工作方式，以及足夠的分子生物學知識。
So that we can actually think about disease in very, very mechanistic terms which is the way I like to think.
|||||||||||기계론적|||||||||
||||||hakkında düşünmek|hastalık||||mekanistik terimlerle|||||||||
Так что мы действительно можем думать о болезни в очень, очень механистических терминах, как мне нравится думать.
這樣我們實際上就可以用非常非常機械的術語來思考疾病，這就是我喜歡的思考方式。
And wouldn't it be interesting to try and apply my biological insights to disease?
||||||||uygulamak||biyolojik bilgilerimi|biyolojik bilgileri||hastalıklar
嘗試將我的生物學見解應用於疾病不是很有趣嗎？
So I was fortunate enough then to have somebody.
|Bu yüzden|şanslıydım|şanslı|yeterince şanslı||||
所以我當時很幸運有一個人。
David Botstein was in the Genetics Department at the time, had work with Genentech.
|보트스타인||||유전학과||||||||
|Botstein||||||||||||
|Botstein||||Genetik Bölümü|Bölümü|||||||Genentech ile çalışmıştı
He kind of heard I was looking around at different things.
|||||||||różne|
Он как бы слышал, что я смотрю на разные вещи.
他好像聽到我在四處張望不同的東西。
He introduced me to the CEO of Genentech at the time, Art Levinson.
||||||||||||레빈슨
||||||||||||Art Levinson
|tanıştırdı||||||Genentech'in CEO'su|||||Art Levinson
|||||Prezes firmy|||||||
Art was a scientist, started off in a lab at Genentech, became the CEO.
|||bilim insanı|başladı||||||Genentech'te|||
Арт был ученым, начинал в лаборатории компании Genentech, стал генеральным директором.
And I thought, "Wow, you know, if I'm going to actually have a boss," which was kind of a novel concept to a faculty member, "if I'm going to have a boss, it should be someone who's a scientist who can actually understand logic and things like that."
||düşündüm ki|||||||||||||||||yeni, alışılmadık|yeni bir kavram|||öğretim üyesi||||||||||||||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||新しい||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||nowatorski pomysł||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Someone that I could talk to.
So it seemed like a terrific challenge, a terrific opportunity and that it would be really, really different from what I was doing day to day at Stanford.
|||||müthiş|meydan okuma||harika|fırsat||||||||||ne||||günlük hayatım||||
||||||wyzwanie|||||||||||||||||||||
So, I remember over the Christmas holiday ten years ago thinking, "Should I do this?
|||||Noel tatili|||||||||
Should I do this?"
Walking into the lab and thinking, "So nice here.
||||||||tutaj
My God, I have tenure.
||||정년 보장
Tanrım||||kadrolu profesörlük
||||終身在職
Should I do this?
What if they fire me?"
Что, если меня уволят?»
I could get fired if I go.
|||işten atılmak|||
Меня могут уволить, если я пойду.
These are all kind of novel notions to think about but it just seem like a terrific opportunity and I took the plunge and I have to say for me, personally, it was the right thing to do.
||||||||||||||||||||||뛰어들다|||||||||||||||
Bunlar|||||yeni, alışılmadık|kavramlar||||||||||harika|||benim için|||kendimi attım|||||||benim için|şahsen|||||||
|||||新しい|概念||||||||||||||||思い切って飛|||||||||||||||
Son ideas un tanto novedosas, pero me pareció una oportunidad estupenda, me lancé y tengo que decir que para mí, personalmente, fue lo correcto.
My learning curve picked up again immediately learning all about kinds of new science, about cancer biology.
||학습 곡선||||||||||||||
Benim||öğrenme süreci|yeniden hızlandı|||hemen|||||||||kanser biyolojisi|kanser biyolojisi
Сразу же после этого я начал изучать все новые виды науки, биологию рака.
我的學習曲線立即再次上升，學習了所有關於癌症生物學的新科學。
I didn't really know that.
I knew about cell biology but I didn't know specifically about cancer or immunology.
|||||||||||||면역학
||||hücre biyolojisi|||||özellikle||kanser hakkında||immünoloji
|||||||||||||免疫学
我了解細胞生物學，但具體了解癌症或免疫學。
I knew absolutely nothing about business.
||kesinlikle|||
I was on the executive committee of the company.
||||yönetim kurulu|yönetim kurulu|||
I had to find out what EPS stood for.
||||||EPS의 의미||
||||||earnings per share||
||||||EPS'nin anlamını||
Tenía que averiguar qué representaba el EPS.
Really, the executive committee meetings were just learning all about business, all about drug development.
||yönetim kurulu|komite|||||||||||ilaç geliştirme
How do you develop a drug?
Nasıl|||||
I never thought of that before.
So it was just absolutely fascinating.
|||||çok büyüleyiciydi
Так что это было просто завораживающе.
I have to say I give the company a lot of credit because, basically, I think it has paid off for them.
|||||||||||||temelde||||||||
Tengo que decir que le doy mucho crédito a la empresa porque, básicamente, creo que les ha merecido la pena.
Я должен сказать, что отдаю должное компании, потому что, по сути, я думаю, что она окупилась для них.
But it took me two years before I had any idea what I was even doing in business.
I mean, I knew about science but it really was a steep learning curve but not something that happens overnight.
|||||||o gerçekten||||zorlu||öğrenme süreci||||||bir gecede
Я имею в виду, что я знал о науке, но это действительно была крутая кривая обучения, а не то, что происходит за одну ночь.
So for me, personally, I would say I took the leap because I wanted to do something different and I felt it was the right time to become basically a human experimental biologist, which is what we do all in the context of disease, of course.
||||||söyleyebilirim||atladım||atılımı yaptım||||||||||||||||||temelde|||deneysel biyolog|insan deneysel biyoloğu||||||her şey|||bağlamında||hastalık bağlamında||
||||||||||飛び込んだ|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Так что лично я бы сказал, что сделал скачок, потому что хотел сделать что-то другое, и я чувствовал, что сейчас самое подходящее время, чтобы стать в основном биологом-экспериментатором, что мы все делаем в контексте болезней, конечно .
So I want to build on something you just said.
||||üzerine inşa etmek|||||
Yup.
응.
Evet.
Ага.
Because you said you were curious about what it felt like have a boss.
|||||meraklı||||||||
Yup.
But you also now have 2,000 people working for you.
How did you learn how to be a boss with that many people?
I mean that's going to be a huge challenge to manage a team that size.
||||||||zorluk||yönetmek||||
Well, that was part of the two years of learning and that was probably the biggest part.
One of the huge differences is, I found that in business, you actually get feedback on how you're doing.
||||farklılıklardan biri|||||||||||||nasıl yaptığını|
I'm sorry, unlike here, at least when I was a professor.
||aksine||||||||
Yeah, you might see a chairman in the hall every year or so.
|||||başkan||||her yıl|||
Да, вы можете видеть председателя в зале каждый год или около того.
But you basically did your own thing and then, nobody really provided you as much feedback.
|||||||||||sağladı||||
So one of the things that I did there was... Someone said to me, "You should meet the head of HR."
||||||||||||||||||||İK müdürü
Итак, одна из вещей, которые я там сделал, была... Кто-то сказал мне: «Тебе следует встретиться с главой отдела кадров».
And I said, "What does that stand for?"
И я сказал: "Что это означает?"
Honestly, I have no idea what that stood for.
|||||||anlamına geldi|
He said, "Human Resources."
|||İnsan Kaynakları
I said, "Oh, Human Resources."
||||İnsan Kaynakları
That kind of sounded to me like they must hire the people.
|||gibi geldi||||||işe almak||
So then someone explained to me what HR is and they do all sorts of things and so on, so I learned.
Потом кто-то объяснил мне, что такое HR, и что они делают разные вещи и так далее, так что я научился.
But one of the things that the Executive Committee of Genentech at the time decided to do is to collect 360-feedback from our peers and folks that work for us and sort of tell us how we're doing.
|||||||Yönetim Kurulu|Yönetim Kurulu||Genentech Yürütme Komitesi|||||||||toplamak||||akranlar||çalışanlar||||||||||||
So this was a really novel experience for me.
||||정말로||||
|bu||||yeni bir|deneyim||
Así que fue una experiencia realmente novedosa para mí.
My first 360-feedback, let me see if I can remember.
They said I was aloof, arrogant and dismissive.
||||냉담한|||무시하는
||||distant and detached|||
||||soğuk|kibirli||küçümseyici
||||よそよそしい|傲慢な||軽蔑的な
And I said, "Of course, I am.
How do you think I survived as a scientist?"
|||||hayatta kaldım|||bilim insanı
It was a competitive arena.
||||경쟁의 장
|||Rekabetçi|rekabetçi ortam
||||競技場
But they said, "Well, you know BS.
||||||헛소리
||||||saçmalık
Но они сказали: «Ну, ты знаешь БС.
It's probably not going to work here.
Здесь, наверное, не получится.
So what we'd like you to do is then to go discuss your 360 feedback with your reports and one level down, your directors."
|||||||||||||||||||hierarchical position|||
||istemekteyiz||sizin||||sonrasında|||görüşmek|||||||||||yöneticilerinizle
Итак, что мы хотели бы, чтобы вы сделали, так это обсудили ваши отзывы 360 с вашими отчетами и на уровень ниже, с вашими директорами».
So I said, "Wow.
OK, we'll go do that."
So I went into the room with these people and as a fact, I knew that, yes, most of these people said that I was those things.
||||||||||bir gerçek olarak||||||||||||||||
I didn't know anyone specifically who said it.
||||özellikle|||
Of course, it was anonymous.
||||물론 익명이었죠.
||||Tabii ki anonim.
But I said, "Well, gee, people say I'm aloof, dismissive and arrogant and I can't understand this.
||||저런||||||||||||
||||"hayret"|||benim|soğuk|küçümseyici||kibirli|||||
I mean, my parents said that.
My wife says that, my colleges at Stanford say that.
|||||meslektaşlarım||||
You say that.
I cannot figure out how you're all wrong in the same way."
Ben|||||||||||
Я не могу понять, почему вы все ошибаетесь одинаково».
So I basically found that you need to be a much better listener.
||temelde||||||||||
You need to really, really respect folks and their opinions.
|||||Gerçekten saygı duymalısın.|insanlar|||görüşleri
But it is very, it is different in industry compared to being here.
||||||||sanayi sektörü|kıyasla|||
I think part of the reason that people found me quite brash was the fact that here, when I said something, nobody actually did what I said.
|||||||||||거침없는|||||||||||||||
|||||||insanlar||||küstah|||||||||||||||
|||||||||||生意気な|||||||||||||||
Hopefully, they at least marginally considered it, but then they would go, "No, really?"
||||약간이라도|||||||||
||||az da olsa|||||||||
||||わずかに|||||||||
願わくば、彼らは少なくともそれをわずかに考慮したが、その後彼らは「本当に？」と言ってしまった。
I mean, post docs, students and then they go do really what they wanted to do, which was fine.
|||박사 후 연구원|||||||||||||||
||doktora sonrası|doktora sonrası araştırmacılar|||||||||||||||
|||博士研究員|||||||||||||||
つまり、ポスドクや学生たちがいて、そして彼らは本当にやりたかったことをやりに行く、それはまあ良かった。
So I took that attitude to Genentech and actually found very quickly that-well, I didn't really want the atmosphere of the company to be that way-but it is just different and it is somewhat more hierarchical and that people actually do what you say.
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||계층적인||||||||
|ben|||tutum||Genentech'e|||||||||||||şirket ortamı|||şirket atmosferi|||||||||||||biraz daha||hiyerarşik||||||||
それで、私はその態度をジェネンテックに持って行き、実際にすぐにわかったのは、まあ、私は会社の雰囲気がそうであってほしくはなかったが、それはただ違っていて、少しヒエラルキーがあり、実際に人々があなたの言うことをやるということだ。
Так что я принял такое же отношение к Genentech и на самом деле очень быстро обнаружил, что — ну, я действительно не хотел, чтобы атмосфера в компании была такой — но она просто другая, она несколько более иерархична, и люди на самом деле делают то, что вам нужно. сказать.
So you have to be really careful with what you say because folks are going to take it incredibly seriously.
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Так что вы должны быть очень осторожны с тем, что вы говорите, потому что люди воспримут это невероятно серьезно.
So it's just a million little things like that you learn over time about how it's different in the industry versus academia.
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But the reason I say that it took me two years before I felt as though I was coming to a place where I really knew what I was doing and could be sort of ultimately productive.
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So there's no really one thing that I can say that I learned.
But I hope I gave you kind of a couple of examples there of what I would say would be a list of a thousand things, if I wrote them all down.
So maybe you could tell us a little bit about what your responsibilities are.
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I mean, head of R&D of a large biotech company, it sounds very impressive.
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But maybe there, you could give us an insight of what your real responsibilities are.
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